' Alpha cells' in the islets of Langerhans produce another important hormone, glucagon. Its role is to lower glucose levels in the bloodstream and promote the storage of glucose in fat, muscle, liver and other body tissues. Insulin is released by the ' beta cells' in the islets of Langerhans in response to food. The most important hormone that the pancreas produces is insulin. This makes sure that the body doesn't starve between meals.
This energy is needed for metabolism, exercise and, in particular, to fuel the parts of the brain that 'run' on glucose. Glucose levels remain very stable in the blood at all times to ensure that the body has a steady supply of energy. Between meals, the pancreas does not produce insulin and this allows the body to gradually release stores of energy back into the blood as they are needed. As the food is digested, and nutrient levels in the blood rise, the pancreas produces insulin to help the body store the glucose (energy) away.
As soon as food is eaten, the pancreas releases digestive enzymes into the bowel to break food down. The pancreas is very close to the stomach. Insulin then helps the body to lower blood glucose levels and 'store' the sugar away in fat, muscle, liver and other body tissues where it can be used for energy when required. In particular, they sense when sugar (glucose) levels in the blood rise, and as soon as this happens the cells produce hormones, particularly insulin. They then can release hormones directly into the blood when necessary. These cells are gathered in clusters known as islets of Langerhans and monitor what is happening in the blood. The pancreas produces hormones in its 'endocrine' cells.
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